The composition of the universe is not yet fully understood, but scientists have made a great deal of progress in understanding its makeup. The majority of the universe is made up of dark matter and dark energy. Dark matter is a form of matter that does not interact with light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation, and thus cannot be directly observed. However, its presence can be inferred from the gravitational effects it has on visible matter. Dark energy is a form of energy that is thought to be responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe.



In addition to dark matter and dark energy, the universe is also made up of "ordinary" matter, which is the matter that we are familiar with and that makes up everything we can see around us. This includes stars, galaxies, planets, and the matter that makes up our own bodies. Ordinary matter is made up of atoms, which are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are made up of even smaller particles called quarks.

There are also other known components of the universe that make up a relatively small proportion of the total mass-energy. Such as, neutrinos, which are subatomic particles that are similar to electrons but have no electric charge, and cosmic radiation, which is made up of high-energy particles, such as protons and alpha particles, that are constantly bombarding the Earth from all directions.

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Overall the observable universe, is composed by about 5% known matter, 25% dark matter and 70% dark energy. This percentages may change depending of the hypothesis and methods use to measure the universe composition.